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About the Author
Dennis Forbes Dennis Forbes is a Toronto-based software architect. While focused primarily on the .NET and SQL Server worlds, Dennis frequently ventures outside of this comfort zone into game development and image processing. He has been published in several industry magazines, has been quoted in the Wall Street Journal and has been interviewed by NPR.

He is a vice president and lead software architect at an innovative New York City hedge fund back-office services firm.

Dennis has been working on solutions for the financial, telecommunications, and power generation markets for over 15 years.




The Feed Bag
Feb 24 - TED

 
Wednesday, January 18 2006

22 years ago my home computing experience was defined by my eldest brother's Commodore 64, along with an old flat-keyboard Atari 400 (take a look at that keyboard. Imagine spending hours typing in entire applications, your fingers pulsing in pain. Now imagine your neighbour curiously pushing the button that opens the cartridge cover, an action which hilariously also turns off the power. That happens to be a very destructive act when you have no persistent storage). Primary school computing consisted of programming stick figures bouncing o's on Commodore PETs.

These were pretty exciting times in personal computing, with seemingly endless potential, and a wide range of publications had appeared to cater to the burgeoning market. One of the most successful of which was Compute!, a magazine that stood apart by being largely platform agnostic (versus the rags that catered to a specific zeal, advocating why, for instance, the Ti-99/4a was the greatest computer ever).

I headed to the library monthly to read each issue, eager to see what new innovations were happening in the industry. These scans are from the February 1984 issue (if you're price comparing with today, note that the CPI inflation since 1984 is 1.86x), one of many that I bought on eBay some time back to use as office wall art, as obviously this was a very shaping period of my life.

compute_february_1984_cover

Each Compute! issue featured one or more type-in game or application (as did most other home computing magazines), often ported to several platform. Sometimes they were BASIC, while other times it was a BASIC loader followed by pages of machine language. Fun times, and I have a great memory of some of these games. I also have memories of spending hours typing in a game to have it lock up when we went to run it.

These type-in applications were actually my original motivation for learning to program. My dream was to eventually submit my own application, imagining the glory of having thousands of people across the land typing my work into their computers. I would be a hero to people everywhere!

compute_february_1984_broderbund

Of course the whole type-in fad faded before I had a chance for such illustrious glory. For a short while there was a standard for printing programs as 2D barcode patterns, and with the appropriate scanner you could scan it right off the page. Neat idea, but some technical difficulties kept it from taking off.

Several trends seem obvious looking through this magazine. Educational software of all sorts was a huge market in those days (and it seemed to be the greatest intended use for home computers), with Spinnaker being one of the largest vendors.

compute_february_1984_spinnaker

compute_february_1984_fun_to_do

compute_february_1984_mcs

And of course there were games. SSI was a significant publisher of games, featuring several ads in every issue. Though they originally started as a wargame company (hence the Strategic Simulations company moniker), they began generalizing into all sorts of (mostly terrible) games.

compute_february_1984_ssi

compute_february_1984_epyx

It's also evident that the still struggling "everyone will be a programmer" philosophy was strong. BASIC, for instance, was intended as a language that everyone would use to achieve their computing needs -- certainly not as the primary language of many corporate developers -- with the whole family writing programs to do what they needed to get done.

compute_february_1984_basic

compute_february_1984_program

CompuServe was the dominant pre-Internet, allowing users in several countries to communicate, participate in discussions, and even play primitive multiplayer online games. Of course it was insanely expensive, so I stuck to local BBSs.

compute_february_1984_compuserve

And of course one of the most interesting sections of these sorts of magazines were the mail-order shop ads (a trend that reached its pinnacle with Computer Shopper several years late -- 800 pages, 99% of which were full-page ads).

compute_february_1984_ad

compute_february_1984_ad2

compute_february_1984_lyco

I hope you enjoyed this trip down memory lane, or in many cases pre-memory lane. I had to scan these images anyways, so I figured I might as well share. I've stuck to ads -- rather than actual magazine content -- to avoid copyright issues.

  Personal 

Reader Comments

Oh the memories.

Lately I've been thinking a lot about the huge impact Compute and various pre-IBM personal computers had on my development style.

The most obvious impact is that I expect to learn something by actually typing code in and running it. I get infuriated when a "learning technology X" (even a well regarded one) has code snippets that look normal but just don't run when you type them in. Concurrent Programming in Erlang (which otherwise is a good book) was the last one I read that did this.

I had also forgotten how cool it was that your "shell" was a BASIC interpreter that operated in you current environment. It felt so good when I rediscovered this years later in lisp and then python.

In conclusion,

10 PRINT "GRANT IS AWESOME"
20 GOTO 10
Grant @ 1/18/2006 10:50:11 AM
Great images. I also like the point in the above comment about BASIC being a sort of shell, and the connection between that and the appeal of Python for coders of our generation.

I recently got myself another copy of a well-loved book from the same era (101 BASIC Computer Games, Microcomputer Edition) and wrote a little about it:

http://e-scribe.com/news/155

Thanks for the memories! (64K maximum of course.)
Paul @ 1/18/2006 3:45:38 PM
Thanks for publishing these images. I vividly remember reading this issue cover-to-cover when it came in the mail... and typing in Circus on my C= 64. What memories this brought back!

I wish I had saved all of those old issues.
Tom Emerson @ 1/18/2006 10:47:37 PM
Damn. Damn. Computers grew out of that romantic sweet spot, into unmanageable cobble-together mashes of code.

I'm using a computer that's 10,000 times more powerful, and it generates almost zero excitement for me.

Why? Why?!
Alex @ 1/22/2006 1:45:19 PM

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Dennis Forbes